IESMBV-2BACH
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2ND BACHILLERATO
Self-study material from OUP (Oxford University press)website
A lot of axercises for Bachillerato
Test your English level at
Starter unit: TENSES
RESUMEN TIEMPOS VERBALES
PRESENTE SIMPLE
Afirmativa--Sujeto + Infinitivo sin to (3ª se le añade -s- o -es) I read my book
Negativa--Sujeto + don´t / doesn´t + infinitivo sin to I don´t read the book
Interrogativa--Do/Does + Sujeto + infinitivo sin to Do you read the book?
PRESENTE CONTINUO
Prsente simple de to be y el participio de presente del verbo que se conjuga.
Afirmativa—Sujeto + To be + Verbo -ing I am playing football
Interrogativa—To be + Sujeto + Verbo -ing Am I playing football?
Negativa—Sujeto + To be + not + Verbo -ing I am not playing football
* Para hablar de algo que está pasando en el momento-- Wnat are you doing now?
* Para hablar de PLANES ya en marcha (+ expresión que indique FUTURO:later,tomorrow
PRESENTE PERFECTO SIMPLE
Afirmativa—Sujeto + Have (has)+ Verbo (3ªColumna o -ed-) I have been in New York
Interrogativa—Have/has + Sujeto + Verbo (3ªColumna o -ed-) Have I been in New York?
Negativa—Sujeto + Haven´t/hasn´t + Verbo (3ªColumna o -ed-) I haven´t been in New York
* Para hablar de experiencies en la vida-- Have you ever visited Paris?
* Acciones pasadas RECIENTES o NOTICIA.
Adverbios—Yet, always, never, ever, just, already
1) Si para preguntar por el tiempo en que se realizó una acción es preciso utilizar el pasado simple, para preguntar sencillamente por la realización de una acción se usa el presente perfecto. Ejemplos: When did you go to London? (pasado simple) . Have you ever been to London? (presente perfecto).
2) con referencia a acciones realizadas recientemente en expresiones con just, adverbio que debe situarse entre el auxiliar y el participio. La expresión castellana equivalente se construye con acabar de. Ejemplo: I have just seen her --- Acabo de verla.
3) con referencia a acciones recientes o con expresiones que denotan un período de tiempo aún no acabado. Ejemplo: I have read that book recently . I have not read that book yet.
4) con referencia a acciones iniciadas en el pasado que siguen desarrollándose en el presente. En estos casos es frecuente el uso de las preposiciones for (si se trata de un período de tiempo) o since (si se menciona el momento concreto o la fecha exacta en que se comenzó la acción). Ejemplos: I have worked here for ten years. I have worked here since July.
PASADO SIMPLE
No se especifica el momento en el que ocurrio la accion. Se forma añadiendo -ed al infinitivo sin to. Cuando el verbo acaba en -e sólo se añade -d.
Afirmativa—Sujeto + Verbo (2ªcolumna o -ed-) + Comp—I bought flowers
Interrogativa—Did + Sujeto + infinitivo sin to + Comp—Did I buy flowers in the shop?
Negativa—Sujeto + didn´t + Verbo en infinitivo sin to
PASADO CONTINUO
Se forma con el pasado simple del auxiliar to be y el participio de presente del verbo que se conjuga.
Afirmativa—Sujeto + was/were + Verbo -ing I was playing football
Interrogativa—Was/were + Sujeto + Verbo -ing Was I playing football?
Negativa—Sujeto + wasn´t/weren´t + Verbo -ing I wasn´t playing football
* Para hablar de algo estaba en curso en momento concreto del pasado--I was watching at 9.00
FUTURO SIMPLE
* Cuando se decide hacer algo en el momento de hablar
* Cuando algo va a ocurrir en un futuro lejano
* Con peticiones, con pronósticos, con promesas,invitaciones
* Cuando nos negamos a hacer algo
*Para ofrecerse—I will phone the police for you
* En lenguaje formal (en las noticias)—The president will open de new heliport tomorrow
* En los restaurantes—I´ll have roast-beef
* En las oraciones temporales y condicionales (1er orden.)—If you want, I´ll buy the CD
FUTUR PLANS
To be going to (ver también Pres Continuous with future meaning y el Fut. Continuous)
* Para expresar una intención—I´m going to fly Paris
* Para expresar una predicción de la que hay evidencias en el presente—It´s going to rain (It´s cloudy)
* Para expresar un rechazo—I´m not going to do it
Pasado Continuo
I/she/he/it was +verbo-ing
They/we/you were +verboi-ing
Uso
Describir una actividad que ocurría en un momento específico del pasado:
At 6 o'clock I was working in
the garden
Describir una actividad interrumpida por una más corta:
They arrived while we were
cooking
Describir dos actividades que ocurren en un mismo tiempo:
I was reading a book while my
brother was listening to music
Present perfect (pretérito perfecto simple)
He/she/it has + verbo 3
columna
I/you/they/We + verbo 3
columna
Uso
Acciones del pasado que tienen importancia en el presente:
I have won the lottery .I have
your mother in the supermarket
Con el adverbio just se expresan acciones que acaban de
ocurrir:
We have just come back from
London
Expresiones de periodo
incomplete como: this morning, this week, this month, today:
We haven´t seen frank this
morning
Con las preposiciones for y since: expresiones que empezó en el pasado y no
ha acabado:
I have lived in Malaga for
three year
Sara has studied Russian since
1999
Present perfect continuous
(pretérito perfecto continuo)
I/you/we/they have + been +
verbo-ing
He/she/it has + been +
verbo-ing
Uso
Hablar de actividad que empezó en el pasado y que continúa en el presente,
se resalta la duración de la actividad, se suele utilizar la preposición for o
since.
We have been studying since 9
o'clock
Hablar de una actividad que empezó en el pasado y ha acabado recientemente:
You have been sleeping all
morning
Past perfect (pretérito
pluscuamperfecto)
I/she/he/it/we/they/you + had
(´d) + verbo 3 columna + lo que sea
Uso
Para hablar de una acción pasada que ocurrió antes que otra (también en el
pasado):
The train had already
left when we arrived at the station.
1 orden 2 orden
Future simple
I/she/he/it/we/they/you + will
+verbo infinitive
Uso
Expresar predicciones del futuro:
It Hill be cloudy tomorrow
morning
Hacer promesas:
I will write to you every day
Hacer un ofrecimiento:
A: I can't put the book on the
top shelf
B: I will do it for
you
En las oraciones condicionales del primer tipo:
If + present simple + futuro:
If it rains, I won't go
Tomar una decisión en el momento de hablar:
I think I will have a sandwich
now
Future with going to
He/she/it is going to
I am going to
We/you/they are going to
Uso
Expresar intenciones:
I'm going to work harder (voy a estudiar más)
Hablar de un plan futuro:
A famous architect is going to
build a new museum
Hacer predicciones futuras a partir de un hecho evidente en el presente:
Loot at those clouds. It's
going to rain in a minute.
Future continuous
I/she/he/it/we/they/you + will
be + verbo-ing
Uso
Hablar de acciones que estarán en marcha en un momento determinado del
futuro:
At this time next week I will
de playing with my friends
Preguntar por los planes de los demás, cuando pedir un favor:
Will you be using the computer
this afternoon?
Future perfect
I/she/he/it/we/they/you + will
have + verbos en tercera columna
Uso
Hablar de acciones que en un futuro estarán finalizadas (En un futuro va a
ser pasado):
By next July, I will have
passed all my exams
I will have painted the house
by next week
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ENGLISH LESSONS
VERBSTENSE REVISION CHART |
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English
Tenses Timeline Chart
This timeline
tenses chart provides a handy reference sheet to English tenses and their
relationship to one another and the past, present and future. Conjugated verbs
are highlighted in bold. Tenses which are rarely used in everyday
conversation are marked by an asterik (*).
|
TIMELINE
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SIMPLE
ACTIVE
|
SIMPLE
PASSIVE
|
PROGRESSIVE
/ CONTINUOUS ACTIVE
|
PROGRESSIVE
/ CONTINUOUS PASSIVE
|
|
|
PAST TIME
^ | | | | |
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She had already eatenwhen I arrived.
|
The painting had been sold twice before it was destroyed.
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^ | PAST PERFECT | | |
I had been waitingfor four hours when he finally arrived.
|
The house had been being painted for over a month before they
began to decorate the interior. *
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I bought a new car last week.
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The book was writtenin 1876 by Frank Smith.
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^ | PAST | | |
I was watching TVwhen she arrived.
|
The problem was being solved when I arrived late for class.
|
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She has lived in California for many years.
|
The company has been managed by Fred Jones for the last two years.
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^ | PRESENT PERFECT | | |
She has been working at Johnson's for six months.
|
The students have been being taught for the last four hours. *
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|
He works five days a week.
|
Those shoes are made in Italy.
|
^ | PRESENT | | |
I am working at the moment.
|
The work is being doneby Jim.
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| | PRESENT MOMENT | | |
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| FUTURE INTENTION | | V |
They are going to flyto New York tomorrow.
|
The reports are going to be completed by the marketing department.
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The sun will shinetomorrow.
|
The food will be brought later.
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| FUTURE SIMPLE | | V |
She will be teachingtomorrow at six o'clock.
|
The rolls will be being baked at two. *
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I will have completed the course by the end of next week.
|
The project will have been finishedby tomorrow afternoon.
|
| FUTURE PERFECT | | V |
She will have been workinghere for two years by the end of next
month.
|
The house will have been being built for six months by the time
they finish. *
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FUTURE TIME
| | | | V |
Present Simple
every ... (day)
sometimes
often
usually
seldom
Present Progressive
now
at the moment
Look!
Listen!
Pres. Continuous(future9/be going to
at...
next...
Simple Past
last ...
... ago
yesterday
in 1990
Present Perfect
yet
ever
already
so far
up to now
Future Perfect
by+ time
every ... (day)
sometimes
often
usually
seldom
Present Progressive
now
at the moment
Look!
Listen!
Pres. Continuous(future9/be going to
at...
next...
Simple Past
last ...
... ago
yesterday
in 1990
Present Perfect
yet
ever
already
so far
up to now
Future Perfect
by+ time
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Infinitive
|
Simple Past
|
Past Participle
|
Spanish
|
|
arise
|
arose
|
arisen
|
surgir
|
|
be
|
was / were
|
been
|
ser
|
|
beat
|
beat
|
beaten
|
golpear
|
|
become
|
became
|
become
|
convertirse
|
|
begin
|
began
|
begun
|
comenzar
|
|
bet
|
bet/betted
|
bet/betted
|
apostar
|
|
bite
|
bit
|
bitten
|
morder
|
|
bleed
|
bled
|
bled
|
sangrar
|
|
blow
|
blew
|
blown
|
soplar
|
|
break
|
broke
|
broken
|
romper
|
|
bring
|
brought
|
brought
|
traer
|
|
build
|
built
|
built
|
construir
|
|
buy
|
bought
|
bought
|
comprar
|
|
catch
|
caught
|
caught
|
atrapar
|
|
choose
|
chose
|
chosen
|
elegir
|
|
come
|
came
|
come
|
venir
|
|
cost
|
cost
|
cost
|
costar
|
|
creep
|
crept
|
crept
|
arrastrarse
|
|
cut
|
cut
|
cut
|
cortar
|
|
deal
|
dealt
|
dealt
|
dar, repartir
|
|
do
|
did
|
done
|
hacer
|
|
draw
|
drew
|
drawn
|
dibujar
|
|
dream
|
dreamt/dreamed
|
dreamt/dreamed
|
soñar
|
|
drink
|
drank
|
drunk
|
beber
|
|
drive
|
drove
|
driven
|
conducir
|
|
eat
|
ate
|
eaten
|
comer
|
|
fall
|
fell
|
fallen
|
caer
|
|
feed
|
fed
|
fed
|
alimentar
|
|
feel
|
felt
|
felt
|
sentir
|
|
fight
|
fought
|
fought
|
pelear
|
|
find
|
found
|
found
|
encontrar
|
|
flee
|
fled
|
fled
|
huir
|
|
fly
|
flew
|
flown
|
volar
|
|
forget
|
forgot
|
forgotten
|
olvidar
|
|
forgive
|
forgave
|
forgiven
|
perdonar
|
|
forsake
|
forsook
|
forsaken
|
abandonar
|
|
freeze
|
froze
|
frozen
|
congelar
|
|
get
|
got
|
got
|
tener, obtener
|
|
give
|
gave
|
given
|
dar
|
|
go
|
went
|
gone
|
ir
|
|
grind
|
ground
|
ground
|
moler
|
|
grow
|
grew
|
grown
|
crecer
|
|
hang
|
hung
|
hung
|
colgar
|
|
have
|
had
|
had
|
tener
|
|
hear
|
heard
|
heard
|
oír
|
|
hide
|
hid
|
hidden
|
esconderse
|
|
hit
|
hit
|
hit
|
golpear
|
|
hold
|
held
|
held
|
tener, mantener
|
|
hurt
|
hurt
|
hurt
|
herir, doler
|
|
keep
|
kept
|
kept
|
guardar
|
|
kneel
|
knelt
|
knelt
|
arrodillarse
|
|
know
|
knew
|
known
|
saber
|
|
lead
|
led
|
led
|
encabezar
|
|
learn
|
learnt/learned
|
learnt/learned
|
aprender
|
|
leave
|
left
|
left
|
dejar
|
|
lend
|
lent
|
lent
|
prestar
|
|
let
|
let
|
let
|
dejar
|
|
lie
|
lay
|
lain
|
yacer
|
|
lose
|
lost
|
lost
|
perder
|
|
make
|
made
|
made
|
hacer
|
|
mean
|
meant
|
meant
|
significar
|
|
meet
|
met
|
met
|
conocer, encontrar
|
|
pay
|
paid
|
paid
|
pagar
|
|
put
|
put
|
put
|
poner
|
|
quit
|
quit/quitted
|
quit/quitted
|
abandonar
|
|
read
|
read
|
read
|
leer
|
|
ride
|
rode
|
ridden
|
montar, ir
|
|
ring
|
rang
|
rung
|
llamar por teléfono
|
|
rise
|
rose
|
risen
|
elevar
|
|
run
|
ran
|
run
|
correr
|
|
say
|
said
|
said
|
decir
|
|
see
|
saw
|
seen
|
ver
|
|
sell
|
sold
|
sold
|
vender
|
|
send
|
sent
|
sent
|
enviar
|
|
set
|
set
|
set
|
fijar
|
|
sew
|
sewed
|
sewn/sewed
|
coser
|
|
shake
|
shook
|
shaken
|
sacudir
|
|
shine
|
shone
|
shone
|
brillar
|
|
shoot
|
shot
|
shot
|
disparar
|
|
show
|
showed
|
shown/showed
|
mostrar
|
|
shrink
|
shrank/shrunk
|
shrunk
|
encoger
|
|
shut
|
shut
|
shut
|
cerrar
|
|
sing
|
sang
|
sung
|
cantar
|
|
sink
|
sank
|
sunk
|
hundir
|
|
sit
|
sat
|
sat
|
sentarse
|
|
sleep
|
slept
|
slept
|
dormir
|
|
slide
|
slid
|
slid
|
deslizar
|
|
sow
|
sowed
|
sown/sowed
|
sembrar
|
|
speak
|
spoke
|
spoken
|
hablar
|
|
spell
|
spelt/spelled
|
spelt/spelled
|
deletrear
|
|
spend
|
spent
|
spent
|
gastar
|
|
spill
|
spilt/spilled
|
spilt/spilled
|
derramar
|
|
split
|
split
|
split
|
partir
|
|
spoil
|
spoilt/spoiled
|
spoilt/spoiled
|
estropear
|
|
spread
|
spread
|
spread
|
extenderse
|
|
stand
|
stood
|
stood
|
estar de pie
|
|
steal
|
stole
|
stolen
|
robar
|
|
sting
|
stung
|
stung
|
picar
|
|
stink
|
stank/stunk
|
stunk
|
apestar
|
|
strike
|
struck
|
struck
|
golpear
|
|
swear
|
swore
|
sworn
|
jurar
|
|
sweep
|
swept
|
swept
|
barrer
|
|
swim
|
swam
|
swum
|
nadar
|
|
take
|
took
|
taken
|
tomar
|
|
teach
|
taught
|
taught
|
enseñar
|
|
tear
|
tore
|
torn
|
romper
|
|
tell
|
told
|
told
|
decir
|
|
think
|
thought
|
thought
|
pensar
|
|
throw
|
threw
|
thrown
|
lanzar
|
|
tread
|
trode
|
trodden/trod
|
pisar
|
|
understand
|
understood
|
understood
|
entender
|
|
wake
|
woke
|
woken
|
despertarse
|
|
wear
|
wore
|
worn
|
llevar puesto
|
|
weave
|
wove
|
woven
|
tejer
|
|
weep
|
wept
|
wept
|
llorar
|
|
win
|
won
|
won
|
ganar
|
|
wring
|
wrung
|
wrung
|
retorcer
|
|
write
|
wrote
|
written
|
escribir
|
MORE GRAMMAR ABOUT TENSES
NEGATIVE PREFIXES
http://hum.ku.ac.th/learn/learnenglishthroughsong/BackAtOne/prefix.html
EXERCISES
PRESENT
http://www.nonstopenglish.com/allexercises/Grammar/Grammar-present.asp
http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/tests/present-progressive-1
http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/tests/present-progressive-2
http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/tests/present-progressive-3
http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/tests/simple-present-1
http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/tests/simple-present-2
http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/tests/simple-present-3
http://www.englishpage.com/verbpage/verbs1.htm
PAST
http://www.englishtenseswithcartoons.com/page/test/when_or_while_test
http://www.learnenglishfeelgood.com/lefg3_simplepastpresentperf1.html
http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/tests/simple-past-1
http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/tests/simple-past-2
http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/tests/simple-past-3
http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/tests/past-progressive-1
http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/tests/past-progressive-2
http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/tests/past-progressive-3
http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/tests/present-perfect-simple-1
http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/tests/present-perfect-simple-2
http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/tests/present-perfect-simple-3
http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/tests/present-perfect-progressive-2
http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/tests/present-perfect-progressive-3
http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/tests/past-perfect-simple-1
http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/tests/past-perfect-simple-2
http://www.learnenglishfeelgood.com/lefg3_simplepastpresentperf1.html
http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/tests/simple-past-1
http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/tests/simple-past-2
http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/tests/simple-past-3
http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/tests/past-progressive-1
http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/tests/past-progressive-2
http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/tests/past-progressive-3
http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/tests/present-perfect-simple-1
http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/tests/present-perfect-simple-2
http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/tests/present-perfect-simple-3
http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/tests/present-perfect-progressive-2
http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/tests/present-perfect-progressive-3
http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/tests/past-perfect-simple-1
http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/tests/past-perfect-simple-2
FUTURE
http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/tests/future-1-will-3
http://esl.about.com/library/quiz/blgrquiz_futureforms.htm
http://esl.about.com/library/quiz/blgrquiz_futureforms.htm
Future perfect simple &continuous :
MIXED TENSES
http://www.nonstopenglish.com/allexercises/Grammar/Grammar-tenses.asp
http://www.learnenglishfeelgood.com/lefg_mixedtenses1.pdf
http://www.learnenglishfeelgood.com/lefg_mixedtenses1.pdf
http://www.englishpage.com/verbpage/verbs29practicetest.htm
http://www.englishpage.com/verbpage/verbs30finaltest.htm
http://www.englishpage.com/verbpage/verbs30finaltest.htm
http://www.learn-english-today.com/lessons/lesson_contents/verbs_tense-revision.htm
http://www.englishpage.com/verbpage/verbtenseintro.html
http://www.englishpage.com/verbpage/verbtenseintro.html
http://www.oup.com/elt/global/products/headway/advanced/a_grammar/unit02/hwy_adv_unit02_1/
http://www.englishpage.com/verbpage/verbtenseexercises.html
http://www.englishpage.com/verbpage/verbtenseexercises.html
http://platea.pntic.mec.es/curso20/5_edicionhtml/2008/12/docs/TENSE%20REVISION%20EXERCISES.pdf
http://www.eslprintables.com/
http://www.eslprintables.com/
http://www.tolearnenglish.com/english_lessons/mixed-tenses-test
http://www.learnclick.com/cloze/show/876
http://eoisantander.org/alfonsohinojosa/curso4/ejercicios/grammar/cloze/4_1_cloze_tenses.htm
http://eoisantander.org/alfonsohinojosa/curso4/portadas/cloze4.html
MIXED TENSE REVISION 1
Complete the sentences with the verbs in brackets in the right tense.
1.- The children __________ (like) sweets.
2.- Maria usually ___________ (do) the shopping, but I __________
(do) it today as she isn’t well.
3.- The kettle _________ (boil) now. Shall I make the tea?
4.- The last train __________ (leave) the station at 12.00.
5.- The children were frightened because it __________
(get) dark.
6.- It __________ (snow) when I left home this morning.
7.- We __________ (go) on holiday to Barcelona last
summer.
8.- My brother __________ (have) his car repaired next week.
9.- Excuse me. I think you _________ (sit) in my seat.
10.- Don’t talk to me now. I __________ (write) an important letter.
11.- He _________ (not/go) to school last Monday. He __________
(be) ill.
12.- In 1984 I ____________ (study) at university.
13.- I ___________ (not / eat) anything since lunchtime.
14.- We suddenly __________ (realize) that we __________ (travel)
in the wrong direction.
15.- Here are your trainers. I __________ (just / clean) them.
16.- I ____________ (not read) the newspaper yet.
17.- What _____________ (you / do ) last weekend?
18.- Some of my friends ___________ (have) a party next weekend.
19.- It’s rather hot in here. I ________ (open) the window.
20.- My brother __________ (get) a new car on Monday.
21.- If we take a taxi at 12 o’clock, we _________ (not be) late.
22.- I’m sure that I ___________ (recognize) them
23.- I __________ (see) her tomorrow morning.
24.- If I hadn’t lost my diary, I ________ (not forget) my homework.
25.- I hope I __________ (work) in the city when I’m older.
26.- When I was ill, I _________ (stay) in bed for a week.
27.- If we go on holiday, we _________ (have) a great time.
28.- She ________ (speak) English and German since she was three.
29.- If Felix passed his driving test, he __________ (take) us to the
beach.
30.- I ___________ (come) if I had known that you were ill.
31.- We always ________ (take) a lot of photos on holidays.
32.- They would have caught the train if they ___________ (not get
up) so late.
33.- My sister ____________ (walk) to school when it started to rain.
34.- You ____________ (phone) me for ages. Is it everything OK?
35.- Jenny has decided that she ____________ (study) Law.
36.- Are you going to the library? I ___________ (come) with you.
Answer key
1.- like
2.- does / am doing
3.- is boiling
4.- leaves
5.- was getting
6.- was snowing
7.- went
8.- is having
9.- are sitting
10.- am writing
11.- didn’t go / was
12.- was studying
13.- haven’t eaten
14.- realized / were travelling
15.- have just cleaned
16.- haven’t read
17.- did you do
18.- are having / are going to have
19.- will
20.- is getting
21.- won’t be late
22.- will recognize
23.- am seeing
24.- wouldn’t have forgotten
25.- will work
26.- stayed
27.- will have
28.- has spoken
29.- would take
30.- would have come
31.- take
32.- hadn’t got up
33.- was walking
34.- haven’t phoned
35.- is going to study
36.- will come
MIXED TENSE REVISION 2
2.- does / am doing
3.- is boiling
4.- leaves
5.- was getting
6.- was snowing
7.- went
8.- is having
9.- are sitting
10.- am writing
11.- didn’t go / was
12.- was studying
13.- haven’t eaten
14.- realized / were travelling
15.- have just cleaned
16.- haven’t read
17.- did you do
18.- are having / are going to have
19.- will
20.- is getting
21.- won’t be late
22.- will recognize
23.- am seeing
24.- wouldn’t have forgotten
25.- will work
26.- stayed
27.- will have
28.- has spoken
29.- would take
30.- would have come
31.- take
32.- hadn’t got up
33.- was walking
34.- haven’t phoned
35.- is going to study
36.- will come
MIXED TENSE REVISION 2
Complete the sentences with the verbs in brackets in the right tense.
1.- Sam ___________ (talk) on the phone. I’ll tell him you are here.
2.- I _________ (have) several meals at this restaurant this month.
3.- The committee __________ (discuss) the problem at this very
moment.
4.- You _________ (not find) the right answer yet.
5.- My brother __________ (write) a book about Santander.
6.- There _________(be) many car accidents on the road recently.
7.- Mi niece __________ (come) to visit us tomorrow.
8.- My children __________ (play) chess when I _________ (come)
into the room.
9.- Birds _________ (fly) south every winter.
10.- This box is too heavy. I _________ (carry) it for you.
11.- My uncle _________ (give) us a present last month.
12.- The baby __________ (have) a cough for a few days.
Let’s take her to the doctor.
13.- I _________ (know) John since we were children.
14.- If you _________ (hurry), we can catch the bus on time.
15.- When John _________ (wake up), we ________ (tell) him the
news.
16.- What __________ (Ann / do) if she wins the lottery?
17.- If she knew the truth she ___________ (be) angry.
18.- I would have called the police if my car _________ (steal).
19.- If I __________ (be) you, I would take the job.
20.- My sister ___________ (just / phone) me from the airport.
21.- While I __________ (wash) my hair, the telephone __________
(ring).
22.- Most of the young people _________ (leave) the village a long
time ago.
23.- If a plant is watered, it __________ (grow)
24.- If you __________ (lend) me the money now, I would pay you
back later.
25.- A burglar _________ (break) into our house while
we ________ (watch) a football match on TV.
26.- We ____________ (win) the match if we had
practised.
27.- I _________ (have) a party on Saturday. Do you
want to come?
28.- This can’t be right! I __________ (not / believe) it.
29.- The bus leaves at 10.30, so we ___________ (leave) the house
at 8 o’clock.
30.- Kelly ___________ (probably / get) the job.
Answer key
1.- is talking
2.- have had
3.- is discussing
4.- haven’t found
5.- is writing or is going to write
6.- have been
7.- is coming
8.- were playing / came
9.- fly
10.- will carry
11.- gave
12.- has had
13.- have known
14.- hurry
15.- woke up / told
16.- will Ann do
17.- would be
18.- had been stolen
19.- were
20.- has just phoned
21.- was washing / rang
22.- left
23.- grows
24.- lent
25.- broke / were watching
26.- would have won
27.- am having
28.- don’t believe
29.- we will
30.- will probably get
MIXED TENSE REVISION 3
Complete the sentences with the suitable form of the verbs in
brackets.
1.- Where ___________ (you / go) for your holidays last summer?
2.- I can’t play anymore. I ___________ (just / hurt) my foot.
3.- While I _________ (do) my homework, I ________ (have) a
good idea.
4.- “Someone ________ (wait) for you outside”. “Who is it?”
5.- “Where _________ (we / go)? This is the wrong road.
6.- You __________ (never / finish) your homework.
7.- My children are busy. They __________ (study) for an
exam.
8.- This bike _________ (cost) 200€.
9.- This book is very difficult. I ___________ (not /
understand) it.
10.- _____________ (Jim / be) at home last night?
11.- We haven’t got any money. I ___________ (spend) all of it.
12.- ___________ (you / ever / go) to Italy?
13.- Tina isn’t here. She __________ (just / go) to school.
14.- I ____________ (buy) a new laptop next week.
15.- I’m sure it ________ (be) cold tomorrow.
16.- I ___________ (see) the dentist at 12.30 on
Friday.
17.- She _________ (do) her homework when she
_________ (fall) asleep.
18.- My sister _________ (do) gymnastics every
weekend.
19.- She _________ (have) that bike since she was twelve years.
20.- If we _________ (be) late for school, our teacher ________
(be) angry.
21.- Come on! Unless we _________ (hurry), we’ll miss the bus.
22.- If I __________ (bring) some more money with me, I could
have taken a taxi.
23.- If I ______ (be) you, I _______ ( not / eat) so much chocolate.
24.- We __________ (go) swimming next Saturday. Would you like
to come?
25.- While my father __________ (wash) up, he
________ (break) a glass.
26.- That can’t be right. I __________ (not / believe) it.
27.- “It’s a hot day.” “Why ________ (you / wear) a coat?
28.- I __________ (not / feel) happy unless I swim
everyday.
29.- That’s strange! My dictionary _____________
(disappear)!
30.- If I had a motorbike, I _____________ (ride) it to school.
ANSWER KEY
1.- did you go
2.- have just hurt
3.- was doing / had
4.- is waiting
5.- are we going
6.- have never finished
7.- are studying
8.- costs
9.- don’t understand
10.- was Jim
11.- have spent
12.- Have you ever been
13.- she has just gone
14.- am going to buy
15.- will be
16.- am seeing
17.- was doing / fell
18.- does
19.- has had
20.- are / will be
21.- hurry
22.- had brought
23.- were / wouldn’t eat
24.- are going
25.- was washing up / broke
26.- don’t believe
27.- are you wearing
28.- won’t feel
29.- has disappeared
30.- would ride
MIXED TENSE REVISION 4
Complete the sentences with the suitable form of the verbs in
brackets.
1.- If I __________ (find) a good job, I’ll move to Madrid.
2.- He met his wife when he __________ (work) in Brussels.
3.- You can turn off the radio. I ____________ (not
listen) to it.
4.- Where _________ (you / have) dinner yesterday?
5.- This exercise is difficult. I __________ (help) you
to do it.
6.- What ____________ (you / cook) tonight?
7.- ____________ (you / finish) your homework yet?
8.- My father ___________ (go) to the bank. He’ll be back soon.
9.- What __________ (they / do) at 9.00 last night?
10.- It __________ (snow) when we _________ (leave) the library.
11.- I usually __________ (listen) to the news in the car.
12.- My cousin is a writer. He __________ (write) three novels.
13.- Be careful! The baby _________ (put) those keys in
his mouth!
14.- When ______________ (Barack Obama / become)
president of the USA?
15.- My students _____________ (not listen) when I gave
the instructions.
16.- Gonzalo is thirsty! I ___________ (get) him a glass of
water!
17.- If it ___________ (not rain) we’d lie on the beach.
18.- It’s my birthday next week- Don’t worry! I ____________
(not forget) it.
19.- I think it ___________ (rain) this afternoon.
20.- John _________ (speak) to Susan a minute ago.
21.- If you ask him nicely, he _________ (help) you.
22.- Would you like a coffee? No, thanks. I ________
(already / have) four cups today.
23.- ____________ (you /ever / have) an argument
with your parents about clothes.
24.- I’m sure they __________ (lose) the match.
25.- My neighbour has broken his leg. He _________
(not play) tennis this weekend.
26.- If I had the receipt, I __________ (return) these jeans.
27.- What would you like? I __________ (have) some orange juice.
28.- If my brother __________ (not arrive) soon, I’ll send him a text
message.
29..-I __________ (not see) my grandparents since last summer.
30.- If you found a purse, __________ (you / give) it to the teacher?
ANSWER KEY
1.- find
2.- was working
3.- am not listening
4.- did you have
5.- will help
6.- are you going to cook
7.- have you finished
8.- has gone
9.- were they doing
10.- was snowing / left
11.- listen
12.- has written
13.- is putting
14.- did Barack Obama
15.- were listening
16.- will get
17.- didn’t rain
18.- won’t forget
19.- it’s going to rain
20.- spoke
21.- will help
22.- have already had
23.- have you ever had
24.- will lose
25.- is not going to play
26.- would return
27.- will have
28.- doesn’t arrive
29.- haven’t seen
30.- would you give
Tenses Grammar and Exercises
Sumary
Present Simple
Present Progressive
Ex.: The Present Tenses
Ways of Expressing the Future
Ex.: The Future Tenses
Ex.: Future Progressive
Ex.: Future Perfect
Present Perfect Simple
Ex.: Present Perfect Simple
Present Perfect Progressive
Ex.: The Present Perfect Tenses
Past Simple
Ex.: Present Perfect or Past Simple
Past Progressive
Ex.: Past Simple or Past Progressive
Past Perfect
Ex.: Past Perfect or Past Simple
Past Perfect Progressive
Ex.: Past Perfect Simple or Progressive
1.- is talking
2.- have had
3.- is discussing
4.- haven’t found
5.- is writing or is going to write
6.- have been
7.- is coming
8.- were playing / came
9.- fly
10.- will carry
11.- gave
12.- has had
13.- have known
14.- hurry
15.- woke up / told
16.- will Ann do
17.- would be
18.- had been stolen
19.- were
20.- has just phoned
21.- was washing / rang
22.- left
23.- grows
24.- lent
25.- broke / were watching
26.- would have won
27.- am having
28.- don’t believe
29.- we will
30.- will probably get
MIXED TENSE REVISION 3
Complete the sentences with the suitable form of the verbs in
brackets.
1.- Where ___________ (you / go) for your holidays last summer?
2.- I can’t play anymore. I ___________ (just / hurt) my foot.
3.- While I _________ (do) my homework, I ________ (have) a
good idea.
4.- “Someone ________ (wait) for you outside”. “Who is it?”
5.- “Where _________ (we / go)? This is the wrong road.
6.- You __________ (never / finish) your homework.
7.- My children are busy. They __________ (study) for an
exam.
8.- This bike _________ (cost) 200€.
9.- This book is very difficult. I ___________ (not /
understand) it.
10.- _____________ (Jim / be) at home last night?
11.- We haven’t got any money. I ___________ (spend) all of it.
12.- ___________ (you / ever / go) to Italy?
13.- Tina isn’t here. She __________ (just / go) to school.
14.- I ____________ (buy) a new laptop next week.
15.- I’m sure it ________ (be) cold tomorrow.
16.- I ___________ (see) the dentist at 12.30 on
Friday.
17.- She _________ (do) her homework when she
_________ (fall) asleep.
18.- My sister _________ (do) gymnastics every
weekend.
19.- She _________ (have) that bike since she was twelve years.
20.- If we _________ (be) late for school, our teacher ________
(be) angry.
21.- Come on! Unless we _________ (hurry), we’ll miss the bus.
22.- If I __________ (bring) some more money with me, I could
have taken a taxi.
23.- If I ______ (be) you, I _______ ( not / eat) so much chocolate.
24.- We __________ (go) swimming next Saturday. Would you like
to come?
25.- While my father __________ (wash) up, he
________ (break) a glass.
26.- That can’t be right. I __________ (not / believe) it.
27.- “It’s a hot day.” “Why ________ (you / wear) a coat?
28.- I __________ (not / feel) happy unless I swim
everyday.
29.- That’s strange! My dictionary _____________
(disappear)!
30.- If I had a motorbike, I _____________ (ride) it to school.
ANSWER KEY
1.- did you go
2.- have just hurt
3.- was doing / had
4.- is waiting
5.- are we going
6.- have never finished
7.- are studying
8.- costs
9.- don’t understand
10.- was Jim
11.- have spent
12.- Have you ever been
13.- she has just gone
14.- am going to buy
15.- will be
16.- am seeing
17.- was doing / fell
18.- does
19.- has had
20.- are / will be
21.- hurry
22.- had brought
23.- were / wouldn’t eat
24.- are going
25.- was washing up / broke
26.- don’t believe
27.- are you wearing
28.- won’t feel
29.- has disappeared
30.- would ride
MIXED TENSE REVISION 4
Complete the sentences with the suitable form of the verbs in
brackets.
1.- If I __________ (find) a good job, I’ll move to Madrid.
2.- He met his wife when he __________ (work) in Brussels.
3.- You can turn off the radio. I ____________ (not
listen) to it.
4.- Where _________ (you / have) dinner yesterday?
5.- This exercise is difficult. I __________ (help) you
to do it.
6.- What ____________ (you / cook) tonight?
7.- ____________ (you / finish) your homework yet?
8.- My father ___________ (go) to the bank. He’ll be back soon.
9.- What __________ (they / do) at 9.00 last night?
10.- It __________ (snow) when we _________ (leave) the library.
11.- I usually __________ (listen) to the news in the car.
12.- My cousin is a writer. He __________ (write) three novels.
13.- Be careful! The baby _________ (put) those keys in
his mouth!
14.- When ______________ (Barack Obama / become)
president of the USA?
15.- My students _____________ (not listen) when I gave
the instructions.
16.- Gonzalo is thirsty! I ___________ (get) him a glass of
water!
17.- If it ___________ (not rain) we’d lie on the beach.
18.- It’s my birthday next week- Don’t worry! I ____________
(not forget) it.
19.- I think it ___________ (rain) this afternoon.
20.- John _________ (speak) to Susan a minute ago.
21.- If you ask him nicely, he _________ (help) you.
22.- Would you like a coffee? No, thanks. I ________
(already / have) four cups today.
23.- ____________ (you /ever / have) an argument
with your parents about clothes.
24.- I’m sure they __________ (lose) the match.
25.- My neighbour has broken his leg. He _________
(not play) tennis this weekend.
26.- If I had the receipt, I __________ (return) these jeans.
27.- What would you like? I __________ (have) some orange juice.
28.- If my brother __________ (not arrive) soon, I’ll send him a text
message.
29..-I __________ (not see) my grandparents since last summer.
30.- If you found a purse, __________ (you / give) it to the teacher?
ANSWER KEY
1.- find
2.- was working
3.- am not listening
4.- did you have
5.- will help
6.- are you going to cook
7.- have you finished
8.- has gone
9.- were they doing
10.- was snowing / left
11.- listen
12.- has written
13.- is putting
14.- did Barack Obama
15.- were listening
16.- will get
17.- didn’t rain
18.- won’t forget
19.- it’s going to rain
20.- spoke
21.- will help
22.- have already had
23.- have you ever had
24.- will lose
25.- is not going to play
26.- would return
27.- will have
28.- doesn’t arrive
29.- haven’t seen
30.- would you give
Tenses Grammar and Exercises
Sumary
Present Simple
Present Progressive
Ex.: The Present Tenses
Ways of Expressing the Future
Ex.: The Future Tenses
Ex.: Future Progressive
Ex.: Future Perfect
Present Perfect Simple
Ex.: Present Perfect Simple
Present Perfect Progressive
Ex.: The Present Perfect Tenses
Past Simple
Ex.: Present Perfect or Past Simple
Past Progressive
Ex.: Past Simple or Past Progressive
Past Perfect
Ex.: Past Perfect or Past Simple
Past Perfect Progressive
Ex.: Past Perfect Simple or Progressive
Tenses I
Tenses II
Tenses III
Tenses IV
Present Simple
1. Formation
The present simple has the form of the infinitive. But in the 3rd person singular
only, we add -s. Negative statements and questions are formed with do/does.
I write. She writes.
I don’t write. She doesn’t write.
Do I write? Does she write?
2. Use
We use the present simple to say that something happens repeatedly, regularly,
normally, often, always or never. It often occurs with phrases of time such as
always, never, often, sometimes, and usually, as well as every summer, on Fridays, after
midnight, etc.
She often goes to bed after midnight.
The present simple is used to talk about something permanent which is not limited
to a particular time.
Most young people like trendy clothes.
The present simple is used to talk about texts, e.g. novels, short stories, newspaper
articles, films or plays.
The novel describes life in an Irish village.
We use the present simple to describe a series of action, e.g. when giving information
or instructions.
“How do I get to the station?”
“First you go along Victoria Street, then you turn left …”
We use the present simple to say that a future event is a fixed part of a timetable,
a programme of events, a schedule or suchlike (the “timetable future”). Verbs
such as arrive, open, close, start or stop are often used this way.
The next train from Dublin arrives at 10.13.
Present Progressive
1. Formation
We form the present progressive with am/is/are + -ing.
I am writing.
You are not writing.
Is she writing?
2. Use
The present progressive is used when we want to say that somebody is doing
something or that something is happening at the moment. The action or event is
in progress and not yet complete. Common phrases of time are at the moment,
now, just and still.
Fiona is washing her hair (at the moment).now
The present progressive is used for actions which are not yet complete but can be
interrupted for a time. Strictly speaking, such interrupted actions are not in progress
at the moment of speaking.
I’m very busy. I’m redecorating my living-room.
We use the present progressive to express the idea that a repeated action is temporary,
i.e. it is happening for a limited period of time.
Patrick is working at a restaurant during his holidays.
We can use the adverb always with the present progressive to say that something
happens again and again, although not at regular intervals. Here always means
very often or too often. The structure expresses the speaker’s annoyance or surprise.
You’re always forgetting your books!
We use the present progressive to say that something is definitely planned or
arranged for the future. It must be clear from the context or from the use of a
phrase of future time (this afternoon, on Sunday, next week, etc.) that we are talking
about the future.
We’re having a barbecue on Sunday.
Exercises: The Present Tenses
Put the following verbs into the correct tense—either the present simple or the present progressive. Use all the elements in the brackets. Note the importance of certain key words. Use a highlighter to indicate the key words.
1. They (sell) my grandfather six eggs every Saturday.
2. Mr Brown (have) a cold shower every morning, but at the moment he (have) a hot
bath.
3. She (dislike) playing tennis but she (adore) swimming.
4. (he, not, work) in his room at the moment?
5. Mrs Poole seldom (eat) crisps.
6. The plane (leave) Heathrow at 8 a.m. and (arrive) at Kennedy seven hours later.
7. He always (phone) me every Saturday evening. He never (forget).
8. I (send) this book to Tim next week.
9. He (catch) the same train every evening.
10. I (look) for my glasses and I (not, can) find them anywhere.
11. We (have) lunch with the Smiths on Tuesdays.
12. We (have) dinner with the Browns on Friday.
13. Mr Green (come) to see us next week.
14. My cousins (go) to Greece this summer. They (go) there nearly every year.
15. James (want) a new pair of trousers.
16. Julie (need) to have her hair cut.
17. Mr Stowcrat (own) five cars and a plane.
18. I (not, know) who these socks (belong to), but they (smell) like cheese.
19. John (hardly ever, write) to me these days, but he (usually, phone) me once a week.
20. They (want) to stay here for another week.
21. This tea (taste) like dishwater.
22. Look! He (come) now.
23. What (you, do)? I (try) to make some jam but everybody (keep) asking me what I (do),
so I (not, make) much progress.
24. My car (always, break) down.
25. She (not, earn) very much but she (buy) her first car next week.
26. We (think) of going there next week.
27. I (see) the doctor on Thursday.
28. He (always, forget) to bring his books.
29. This book (belong) to Brian.
30. What (you, do)? I (be) a dentist.
31. What (you, do)? I (think) about what I’ve got to do tomorrow.
32. (you, think) he would come if we asked him?
33. How much (you, owe) me?
34. (I, not, go) with you tomorrow? Isn’t there enough room in the car?
35. It (look) as if it is going to rain.
36. (you, not, want) to come walking with me?
37. I hope you (understand) what I (talk) about today.
38. (you, go) to market on Wednesday?
39. (you, remember) when you were very small?
40. I (wish) he would stop phoning me at eleven o’clock at night. He (always, do) it!
____________________________________________________________________________
Ways of Expressing the Future
1. will-future
We use the will-future when we want to make a prediction or an assumption
about the future. Common phrases are I think, expect, wonder, hope …, probably,
perhaps, maybe, I’m sure … etc.
I think
Fiona will like it here.
We use the will-future when we want to make a spontaneous decision, an offer or
a promise.
“It’s raining!” – “I’ll lend you my umbrella.”
We use the
will-future when we want to describe facts in the future.
Patrick will be twenty-four next Thursday.
Patrick will be twenty-four next Thursday.
We use the
will-future in conditional sentences type I.
If you book your flight early, you’ll get it cheaper.
If you book your flight early, you’ll get it cheaper.
We use the
will-future with the following time conjunctions: after, when, until,
before, as soon as.
before, as soon as.
We’ll play
cards after as soon as she arrives.
2. going
to-future
We use the
going to-future when we talk about intentions or plans for the future.
Tonight I am going to watch the football match on TV.
Tonight I am going to watch the football match on TV.
We use the
going to-future when something will very probably happen because
there are already signs of it happening.
“Look at those black clouds! It’s going to rain.”
3. Present progressive
We use the present progressive when something is definitely planned or arranged
for the future.
We’re flying to Galway on Saturday.
4. Present simple (“timetable future”)
We use the present simple when a future event is a fixed part of a timetable, programme
, schedule or suchlike.
The first bus to Galway leaves at 6.20.
5. Future progressive
there are already signs of it happening.
“Look at those black clouds! It’s going to rain.”
3. Present progressive
We use the present progressive when something is definitely planned or arranged
for the future.
We’re flying to Galway on Saturday.
4. Present simple (“timetable future”)
We use the present simple when a future event is a fixed part of a timetable, programme
, schedule or suchlike.
The first bus to Galway leaves at 6.20.
5. Future progressive
We use the
future progressive when an action or event will be in progress at a
point of time in the future.
This time on Saturday I will be flying to Galway.
(now) this time on Saturday
We use the future progressive when something will happen because it normally
happens.
In a few minutes we’ll be arriving at York central station.
6. Future perfect
point of time in the future.
This time on Saturday I will be flying to Galway.
(now) this time on Saturday
We use the future progressive when something will happen because it normally
happens.
In a few minutes we’ll be arriving at York central station.
6. Future perfect
We use the
future perfect when an action or event will be complete at a point of
time in the future.
I suppose Patrick will have left when we arrive.
(now) will have left when we arrive
7. was / were going to
time in the future.
I suppose Patrick will have left when we arrive.
(now) will have left when we arrive
7. was / were going to
Note the
existence of was / were going to, which can indicate a past intention or a
plan that has since been changed (‘future in the past’).
I was going to work in the garden, but then it started to rain.
Exercises: The Future Tenses
plan that has since been changed (‘future in the past’).
I was going to work in the garden, but then it started to rain.
Exercises: The Future Tenses
Put the
following verbs into the correct future or present tense to express a future
meaning. Beware of
a few
sentences which need the imperative or the was/were going to form.
1. As soon as I (see) him, I’ll give him your news.
2. “It’s far too hot in here.” - “Oh sorry, I (open) the window.”
3. We (not, be) able to leave until the police say it is safe to do so.
4. The film (come) here the week after next.
5. Claire (be) ten next year.
6. (there, be) any trains on Christmas Day?
7. “I’ve just dropped a bottle of milk on the floor.” - “Don’t worry. I (come) and clean it
up.”
8. They (spend) their holidays in the Bahamas next year.
9. They (buy) a house, but they have changed their minds.
10.We (see) the Jones on April 5th.
11.What (Rachel, do) on Saturday night?
12.When Ruth (call) this evening, I’ll come and have a word with her.
13. Even if it stops raining, he (not, go) out.
14. James! We (go) to the cinema! Would you like to come with us?
15. Before you (leave), I’ll show you my bike.
16.When (you, make) the Christmas cake?
17. If that parcel (not, arrive) tomorrow, I (phone) the Post Office.
18.When the President (get) off the train, the Mayor (step) forward to greet him.
19. “When (you, go) to see Hamlet?” - “I don’t really know. Perhaps I (go) sometimes next
week.” - “Well, in that case, if you don’t mind, I (come) with you. I (go) with Vicky, but
she went last night while I was playing bowls.”
20. Before we (go) to bed, I (put) the cat out.
21. They (dream) of Spain as soon as they (get) home from their holidays
22. I (fly) to Scotland but when I found out how expensive it was, I changed my mind.
23. (she, break) down when she (hear) of her son’s accident?
24.When you (break) your leg, (not, come) crying to me saying I never warned you.
25. She (burst) the balloon if she (blow) it up any more.
26. “(you, work) in the garden this afternoon?” - “What! You’re joking! It (be) far too hot to
do any work outside, I think I (stay) in the living room and have forty winks.”
27. “When (you, bake) your Christmas cake?” - “I’ve already done it. I did it a week ago.”
28. “What (you, do) this afternoon?” - “I (play) tennis with Sarah.”
29. After she (go) to sleep, I (come) downstairs and make you something to eat.
30. (clean) up your room before your father (see) the mess you’ve made.
31. “When (you, spend) that money you were given for your birthday?” - “I don’t know. I
think (probably, wait) until I (see) something I like.”
32. “You’ve torn your blouse.” - “Oh, so I have. What a nuisance! I (get) some cotton and
mend it before it (get) any worse.”
33. I’m eighteen now but this time next week I (be) nineteen.
34. “(Rachel, sing) to us tonight?” - “I hope she ( ), but she says she doesn’t feel very well.
35. Tomorrow afternoon, Jill (spend) a couple of hours cleaning her flat.
36. Claire (sleep) in the tent in the garden, but she changed her mind because of the
storm.
37. According to this article in the paper, they (reduce) the price of air travel.
38. “I (not, be) able to believe it until (see) it with my own eyes,” said Thomas.
39. “She (be) much too early if she (leave) now.”
40. “Did you remember to send Nicholas his birthday present?” - “Well, I didn’t forget but
I didn’t have the time to go to the Post Office and so I (do) it this afternoon.
Exercises: Future Progressive
1. As soon as I (see) him, I’ll give him your news.
2. “It’s far too hot in here.” - “Oh sorry, I (open) the window.”
3. We (not, be) able to leave until the police say it is safe to do so.
4. The film (come) here the week after next.
5. Claire (be) ten next year.
6. (there, be) any trains on Christmas Day?
7. “I’ve just dropped a bottle of milk on the floor.” - “Don’t worry. I (come) and clean it
up.”
8. They (spend) their holidays in the Bahamas next year.
9. They (buy) a house, but they have changed their minds.
10.We (see) the Jones on April 5th.
11.What (Rachel, do) on Saturday night?
12.When Ruth (call) this evening, I’ll come and have a word with her.
13. Even if it stops raining, he (not, go) out.
14. James! We (go) to the cinema! Would you like to come with us?
15. Before you (leave), I’ll show you my bike.
16.When (you, make) the Christmas cake?
17. If that parcel (not, arrive) tomorrow, I (phone) the Post Office.
18.When the President (get) off the train, the Mayor (step) forward to greet him.
19. “When (you, go) to see Hamlet?” - “I don’t really know. Perhaps I (go) sometimes next
week.” - “Well, in that case, if you don’t mind, I (come) with you. I (go) with Vicky, but
she went last night while I was playing bowls.”
20. Before we (go) to bed, I (put) the cat out.
21. They (dream) of Spain as soon as they (get) home from their holidays
22. I (fly) to Scotland but when I found out how expensive it was, I changed my mind.
23. (she, break) down when she (hear) of her son’s accident?
24.When you (break) your leg, (not, come) crying to me saying I never warned you.
25. She (burst) the balloon if she (blow) it up any more.
26. “(you, work) in the garden this afternoon?” - “What! You’re joking! It (be) far too hot to
do any work outside, I think I (stay) in the living room and have forty winks.”
27. “When (you, bake) your Christmas cake?” - “I’ve already done it. I did it a week ago.”
28. “What (you, do) this afternoon?” - “I (play) tennis with Sarah.”
29. After she (go) to sleep, I (come) downstairs and make you something to eat.
30. (clean) up your room before your father (see) the mess you’ve made.
31. “When (you, spend) that money you were given for your birthday?” - “I don’t know. I
think (probably, wait) until I (see) something I like.”
32. “You’ve torn your blouse.” - “Oh, so I have. What a nuisance! I (get) some cotton and
mend it before it (get) any worse.”
33. I’m eighteen now but this time next week I (be) nineteen.
34. “(Rachel, sing) to us tonight?” - “I hope she ( ), but she says she doesn’t feel very well.
35. Tomorrow afternoon, Jill (spend) a couple of hours cleaning her flat.
36. Claire (sleep) in the tent in the garden, but she changed her mind because of the
storm.
37. According to this article in the paper, they (reduce) the price of air travel.
38. “I (not, be) able to believe it until (see) it with my own eyes,” said Thomas.
39. “She (be) much too early if she (leave) now.”
40. “Did you remember to send Nicholas his birthday present?” - “Well, I didn’t forget but
I didn’t have the time to go to the Post Office and so I (do) it this afternoon.
Exercises: Future Progressive
Put the following verbs into the correct tense—present or future—but use the future progressive wherever possible.
1. This time next week I (drive) ____________________________________ through France.
2. When he (phone) ________________________________, I (have) _______________________ my bath. Tell him I’ll phone back later.
3. “When you (phone) ____________________________ your father, tell him I’ve found an
interesting book for him.” – “Well, I (phone) ______________________ him tomorrow
as it’s Tuesday, so I (mention) _______________________________________ it to him then.
4. Well, I can’t write to her now because I (mow) ___________________________ the lawn at
the moment and I’ve got to finish doing this before it (start) ______________________________
to rain, but I (write) _________________________________ to her in the next few days anyway.
Can it wait until then?
5. Thank you ladies and gentlemen. Well, that’s all for now, but I (be) _______________ back in a week , and then I (sing)____________________some more songs for you.
6. It’s a pity that the holidays are almost over. A week today I (be)___________________________
______________ back in England and I (work) as hard as ever.
7. Although you haven’t seen me for ages, when I (fly) _______________________________________________________ back
next week, you (recognise) me immediately because I’ve got not changed at all.
8. “What are you plans?” (you, call) _______________________________________________________ to see us tonight?” – “I
(not, think) _______________________________________________________ so, not this time, but we might call next week.
9. Dear Sirs, I (be) _______________________________________________________ seventeen years old and I (look) ______________________ for a job because I (leave) ___________________ school in ten
weeks’ time. I wonder if you have a vacancy for me.
10. This time next week I (know) __________________________________ my exam results.
Ex.: Future Perfect
Put the following verbs into the correct tense. Use the present, will-future or the future perfect, but
choose the future perfect wherever possible.
1. By this time next year, I (build) _________________________________ my own boat.
2. By the end of the day, she (bake) ____________________________________ a dozen cakes.
3. He (finish) ____________________________________ cleaning the car in an hour’s time.
4. After they (shut) _________________________________________ the gates, they (not, let) ______________________________ anyone else in this evening.
5. When I (come) _________________________________ again, I (write) ___________________
the first chapter of my book. If you like, I (bring) _____________________ it with me
so you can have a look at it.
6. They (spoil) _____________________ the forests by the time the state (introduce)
______________________________ laws to stop air pollution.
7. Mrs Kennedy’s poodles (die) _________________________________ by the time she (realise_______________ that she should not have fed them on liver pâté, cream and
chocolate.
8. When we (get back) _________________________________, all the pubs (close) _________
_____________________ for the night.
9. “As soon as she (smell) my after-shave, she (think) _____________________________________ I’m the most attractive man alive.” – And as soon as she (clean) ________________ her
glasses, she (realise) _____________________________ you’re not.”
10. I (lose) _______________________________ all my hair by the time they (find) ___________
_____________________ a cure for baldness.
11.Hurry up! By the time you (phone) _____________________________________ the police, the burglar (flee) _______________________________________.
12. I (read) __________________________________ all these books by tomorrow night.
13. “I’m sorry you broke your leg when you fell of my ladder. When you (offer) ____
_________________ to come and paint my house next time, I (buy) _____________________
___________________ a new one.” – “There won’t be a next time ...”
14. This athlete (probably, break) _______________________________ all the existing records by
the end of the year.
15. If we don’t hurry, the film (begin) __________________________________ by the time we (get)
_______________________ there.
Present Perfect Simple
1. Formation
We form the present perfect with have/has + the past participle.
I have lost my keys.
She has not lost her keys.
Have you lost your keys?
2. Use
We use the present perfect to say that someone has done something or that something
has happened. The exact time is not important (or is unknown) and is not
mentioned. The action or event often has direct consequences for the present or
the future.
I’ve have seen that movie twenty times.
Some common phrases of time are just, already, always, never, rarely, seldom, before,
ever, lately, recently, often, still not, so far, up to now, not yet, yet?
Have you ever been to Ireland? I’ve been to Ireland four times so far.
The present perfect is used to express the idea that a state began in the past and
is still continuing. Some common phrases are always, all week, since and for.
I’ve had this car for two years.
The present perfect is used to express a finished action in an unfinished period
of time.
I have seen him this morning.
(I have seen him = finished; this morning = unfinished)
Note!
You cannot use the present perfect with expressions such as yesterday, one year ago,
last week, etc. You have to use the past simple because these expressions refer to a
specific point of time in the past.
Compare the following two sentences:
I met a lot of people two days ago.
I’ve met a lot of people in the last few days.
Notice the difference between gone and been:
Fiona has gone to Wales. (Fiona is in Wales now.)
Fiona has been to Wales. (Fiona has been to Wales and come back.)
Ex._Present Perfect Simple
Eileen wants to go to drama school, but her parents are against it. Read her letter and search the text
and mark the adverb phrases of time that signal a) the present perfect and b) the past simple.
“I have always wanted to become an actress. I have often acted in
school drama productions and with the drama group in our town. I
have already written my own scripts and in 2002 I won the “Young
Actors’ Award”. My parents have tolerated this interest as a hobby,
but they have never taken it seriously.
Last year my parents persuaded me to stay on at school to do Alevels.
I have already told them that I want to go to drama school,
but they say it’s a dead-end job with very uncertain prospects. They
want me to study law. I’m a creative person – law would be the worst
thing I can imagine.
We have spoken a lot about my future recently, but they haven’t changed their views. They
have had no reason to be angry with me. So far I have done reasonably well in school. Up
to now my marks have been average or even better. My marks in English have always been
very good.
Two months ago I applied for a place at RADA (Royal Academy of Dramatic Art in London).
I didn’t tell my parents. Last week I received a reply inviting me to go down for interview
and first audition. I have considered leaving home if I am offered a place. The
trouble is, it would cost a lot of money and my parents wouldn’t give it to me. How could I
possibly support myself?
I have just had a serious argument with my parents, although I have never really quarrelled
with them in my life before. Yesterday my friend said: “Have you ever done anything
that your parents didn’t want? Because if you haven’t, now is the time.” But I haven’t
had my 18th birthday yet.
I think I am afraid of the future, but I have not made up my mind yet about leaving home.
My parents want what’s best for me – but do they really know what that is? What shall I
do?”
Present Perfect Progressive
I met a lot of people two days ago.
I’ve met a lot of people in the last few days.
Notice the difference between gone and been:
Fiona has gone to Wales. (Fiona is in Wales now.)
Fiona has been to Wales. (Fiona has been to Wales and come back.)
Ex._Present Perfect Simple
Eileen wants to go to drama school, but her parents are against it. Read her letter and search the text
and mark the adverb phrases of time that signal a) the present perfect and b) the past simple.
“I have always wanted to become an actress. I have often acted in
school drama productions and with the drama group in our town. I
have already written my own scripts and in 2002 I won the “Young
Actors’ Award”. My parents have tolerated this interest as a hobby,
but they have never taken it seriously.
Last year my parents persuaded me to stay on at school to do Alevels.
I have already told them that I want to go to drama school,
but they say it’s a dead-end job with very uncertain prospects. They
want me to study law. I’m a creative person – law would be the worst
thing I can imagine.
We have spoken a lot about my future recently, but they haven’t changed their views. They
have had no reason to be angry with me. So far I have done reasonably well in school. Up
to now my marks have been average or even better. My marks in English have always been
very good.
Two months ago I applied for a place at RADA (Royal Academy of Dramatic Art in London).
I didn’t tell my parents. Last week I received a reply inviting me to go down for interview
and first audition. I have considered leaving home if I am offered a place. The
trouble is, it would cost a lot of money and my parents wouldn’t give it to me. How could I
possibly support myself?
I have just had a serious argument with my parents, although I have never really quarrelled
with them in my life before. Yesterday my friend said: “Have you ever done anything
that your parents didn’t want? Because if you haven’t, now is the time.” But I haven’t
had my 18th birthday yet.
I think I am afraid of the future, but I have not made up my mind yet about leaving home.
My parents want what’s best for me – but do they really know what that is? What shall I
do?”
Present Perfect Progressive
1. Formation
We form the present perfect progressive with have/has + been + -ing.
I have been writing.
I have not been writing.
Have I been writing?
2. Use
The present perfect progressive is generally used with verbs which imply continuous
actions. Often these verbs describe actions which started at some time in
the past and have continued (almost) up to the present and/or will probably
continue into the future. Some common phrases of time are all day, the whole
morning, since and for.
Oh, have you woken up? You have been sleeping for more than ten hours.
Fiona has been working since early this morning and she hopes to finish soon.
We’ve been living in Cork for two years.
Patrick has been running. (Now he is out of breath.) now
We use the present progressive after recently, lately or How long…?
How long have you been playing the guitar?
Recently, I have been feeling really tired.
She has been watching too much television lately.
Note!
The negative form of the present perfect progressive is quite rare. It is usually
replaced by the negative form of the present perfect simple.
She hasn’t studied French since 2007.
If the number of times that an action has taken place (the result of the activity) is
given or implied, then the simple form is used.
She has written ten letters this morning.
Do not use the progressive form for an abrupt or sudden action
He has driven my car into a wall.
Ex.: The Present Perfect Tenses
For each situation, write two sentences using the words in brackets.
Tom started reading a book two hours ago. He is still reading it and now he is on page 44.
(read / for two hours)_________________________________________
(read / 44 pages so far)______________________________________________________________
Rachel is from Australia. She is travelling round Europe at the moment. She began her trip
three months ago.
(travel / for three months)____________________________________________________________
(visit / six countries so far)______________________________________________Patrick is a tennis player. He began playing tennis when he was ten years old. This year he
is national champion again – for the fourth time.
(win / the national championships / four times)
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
(play / tennis since he was ten)
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
When they left college, Lisa and Sue started making films together. They still make films.
(make / five films since they left college)
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
(make / films since they left college)
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Put the verb into the more suitable form, the present perfect simple or present perfect progressive.
1. Where have you been? (you, play) ________________________________________________________________________________________ tennis?
2. Look! (somebody, break) ____________________________________________________________________________________________that window.
3. You look tired. (you, work) __________________________________________________________________________________________________________ hard?
4. (you, ever, worked) _________________________________________________________________________________ in a factory? – No, never.
5. Liz is away on holiday. – Is she? Where (she, go / be) _____________________________________________________________ ?
6. Sorry, I’m late. – That’s all right. (I, not wait) ______________________________________________________ long.
7. Is it still raining? – No, (it, stop) ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________.
8. (I, lose) __________________ my address book. (you, see) __________________________ it?
9. (I, read) ____________________________________ the book you lent me, but (I, not finish)
___________________ it yet. It’s very interesting.
10. (I, read) _______________________________________________________________________ the book you lent me, so you can have it back now.
Ex.: The Present Perfect Tenses
Put the following verbs into the correct tense—either the present perfect simple or the present perfect
progressive, but use the progressive form wherever possible. Use any other information given, and
select for or since where necessary. Note the importance of certain keywords.
1. They (just, arrive) from New York.
2. We (already, eat).
3. I (now, study) your ideas, and I regret to say I cannot accept them.
4. They (live) there (for/since) December.
5. I (read) four books (since/for) I arrived here.
6. We (wait) (for/since) three o’clock.
7. I (already, write) to him, but he (not yet, reply).
8. It’s eleven o’clock and Helen (make) cakes all morning, but I (not, make) any.
9. He (not, work) there (for/since) the last year.
10. I (read) magazines all evening; so far I (read) seven.
11. How long (you, drive)?
12. She (not, do) a single thing all morning.
13. They (build) that house (for/since) more than a year and they (still, not, finish) it.
14. It’s May 30th and I (not, receive) a letter from him this month.
15. Come quickly! Your father (break) his arm.
16. I am awfully sorry, but I (drop) your clock. I hope it (not, break).
17. “Is John in?” – “No, I’m afraid he (be/go) to Margate.”
18. (you, stand) in the rain (for/since) all that time?
19. (you, not, ever, be/go) to San Francisco?
20. (Jim, fall) off his bike again? Oh, no!
21. I (never, see) a flying saucer (fliegende Untertasse) when I’ve been sober.
22.My sister (never, be/go) to Italy.
23. “Mr Mortimer (fish) all morning. So far he (catch) fifteen, but he (let) each one go
free.” – “Perhaps he (catch) the same one fifteen times.”.
24. She (just, lose) all her money.
25. This company (lose) money (for/since) ages.
26. Roger (just, break) his new watch.
27. I (already, say) this several times, but now I shall say it again.
28. I (often, hear) strange noises in the night.
29.Mrs Kensington (recently, notice) that her chauffeur prefers rock music to Brahms.
30. The next door neighbour’s dog (just, bite) the postman. It’s the third time that it
(bite) him.
31. You (come) too late, Doctor. The poor girl (just, die).
32. He (always, detest) travelling by bus, and he (never, like) travelling by car either.
33. Jane (see) the Loch Ness Monster five times.
34. A bee (sting) me!
35. The workers (now, finish) building that supermarket. Apparently it (take) them a lot
longer to build it than they thought it would.
36. That nice Dr Lindsay? No, officer, I (not, see) him or his vivacious wife (for/since)
ages.
37. She (only, know) Charles (for/since) she was sixteen, but they (live) in the same town
(for/since) they were born.
38. Old Mr Green (bring) me my newspapers (for/since) over fifteen years.
39. They (write) to me fourteen times (since/for) the beginning of the month.
40. She (work) on her book (for/since) last year, and she hopes to complete it by Christmas.
Past Simple
1. Formation
We form the past simple of regular verbs by adding -ed to the infinitive. But irregular
verbs have their own forms. We form negative statements and questions
with did.
I worked a lot.
She didn’t read my letter.
Did you call her?
2. Use
We use the past simple to say that something happened at a particular point of
time in the past (answering the question when?) or in a particular period of time
in the past (which is now over). The point or period of time can be mentioned, or
it may be clear from the context. Some common phrases of time are yesterday, in
1998, last year, an hour ago, etc. We also use the past simple (not the present perfect)
after When …?
Fiona passed her driving test in 1998.
When did you last see Patrick?
two days ago (now)
The past simple is also used in reports about past events and in stories.
It was late. Fiona turned off the TV and went upstairs. …
We use the past simple when giving more information about a past event we have
introduced in the present perfect. The past simple is used to give further details,
e.g. where and how something happened.
There has been an accident in Carlton Street. A van crashed into a bus.
The bus stopped abruptly and three people were injured.
When two or more (short) actions in the past come directly one after the other,
we use the past simple for all the actions.
The cat ran out when Joanne opened the door.
Exercises.: Present Perfect or Past Simple
Complete the mini-dialogues with the correct tense, present perfect or simple past. Look out for ‘signal words’.
Sean: I _________________________________________ (never, be) to Paris.
Jane: Oh,___________________________ (go) there last summer. I __________________ (do) a
language course there.________________________________ (make) a lot of new friends too.
Sean: And your French is fantastic.____________________ (you, ever,think) about studying there?
Jane: No, thanks. I’m quite happy with our British university system. I _______________ (apply) to London, Reading, Bristol and a couple more.
Sean: __________________________________________________ (you, hear) anything yet?
Jane: No, it’s too early. I only __________________________ (send off) the application forms
last week.
Jill: Rob and I ________________________________ (go) to that new Indian restaurant last night.
Pete: You mean the one in Hadley Road?
Jill: That’s right. ________________________________________ (have, you, ever) there?
Pete: Not yet. But Trish ___________________________________ (already, be) there twice—and
it ________________________________ (only, be) open a week. She __________
(love) the meal, especially the sauces. She says she _____________________________
(never, eat) such great Indian food. What ________________________________ (you, order)?
Jill: Well, I __________________________________ (have) tandoori chicken and Rob ______________________(order) lamb curry.
Ann: __________________________ (you, see) Pat recently? She _______________________________ (not, call) for over a week. I _______________________(not, see) her since her birthday.
Liz: Well, actually I ______________________________________ (just, speak) to her. She ____________________________________________ (be) very busy this week. You know that she ____________________________________ (start) her holiday job last Monday. Well, she __________________________________ (never, work) in an office before, so she ____________________________ (have to) learn a lot of new things this week.
Past Progressive
1. Formation
The past progressive uses was/were + -ing:
I was working.
She was not reading.
Were you listening to me?
2. Use
We use the past progressive to say that something was in progress (going on)
around a particular past time.
“What were you doing at eight o’clock yesterday?” – “I was watching TV.”
(NOT “What did you do …?” – “I watched TV.”)
I was watching TV at eight (now)
We often use the past progressive together with the past simple. The past progressive
refers to a longer ‘background’ action or situation; the past simple refers
to a shorter action or event that happened in the middle of the longer action,
or that interrupted it.
As I was walking down the road, I saw Patrick.
The phone rang while I was having dinner.
Because we often use the past progressive to talk about something that is a ‘background’,
not the main ‘news’, we can make something seem less important. Compare:
I had lunch with the President yesterday.
(important piece of news)
I was having lunch with the President yesterday, and she said…
(as if there was nothing special for the speaker about lunching
with the President.)
The past progressive is not the normal tense for talking about repeated or habitual
past actions. (Use the past simple here.)
I rang the bell six times.
When I was a child we made our own amusements.
Exercise: Past Simple or Past Progressive
Put the following verbs into the correct tense—either the past simple or the past progressive.
1. She (walk) down the street when she (see) her mother and stopped to say hello.
2. Helen (see) the old man and (go) to help him.
3. Coral (read) a book when the phone (ring).
4. When he (receive) her letter, he (stay) in Germany.
5. While he (look) out of the window, he (notice) that there was a man who (stand) on
the other side of the road.
6. The grocer (lock) up his shop, (get) on his bicycle and (go) home.
7. I (give) Claire her present and she (say) thank you.
8. The pirates (dig) a hole and (hide) the treasure in it.
9. While they (eat) their lunch, somebody (come) to the door.
10. When he (be) younger, he (grow) vegetables for the whole family.
11. Sarah (meet) Mrs Jones while she (do) her shopping.
12. (he, break) his leg while he (play) football?
13. She (drop) the glass because she (carry) too much.
14. Kate (meet) Maria while he (work) as a waiter in Benidorm.
15. Mr and Mrs Smith (lose) their passports while they (travel) through California.
16. All the time I (write) a letter, she (try) to practise the piano.
17. While I (be) in town yesterday, I (call) you four times.
18. This morning, as I (come) out of the house, the sun (rise).
19. He (steal) lots of cars before the police (catch) him.
20. What (you, do) all the time I (work) in the garden?
Past Perfect
1. Formation
We form the past perfect with had + the past participle.
I had written a letter.
She had not read my letter.
Had you worked?
2. Use
With the help of the past perfect we can express the idea that one past action
followed another. The action that happened first is in the past perfect.
Fiona had already left the coffee bar by the time I arrived.
Fiona had left when I arrived (now)
The past perfect is also used to refer to a state. The state began before a point of
time in the past and continued to that time.
When I visited Patrick in hospital, he had been there for ten days.
We use the past perfect for an action only when we need to emphasize that it
happened before another action. Compare:
When Patrick’s friends arrived, he had cooked the lunch.
When Patrick’s friends arrived, he cooked the lunch.
Exercise.: Past Perfect or Past Simple
Fill the gaps with the verb in brackets using either the past perfect or the past simple tenses.
1. By the time we (get) _________________________ to the cinema the film (start)
_______________________________________, so we missed the first five minutes.
2. When I rang the bell there was no answer. The neighbour (tell)__________________ me that they (go out) _____________________ about half an hour ago.
3. I saw Casablanca for the first time last night. I (never, see) _______________________it before.
4. After I (have) _________________________ a huge lunch, I (feel) ___________
fat.
5. I spent a week in Miami recently. I (never, be) ______________________ there before.
6. There was so much to see in Toledo. I wanted to see everything but I (not, have)
_____________________ enough time.
7. She told me she (buy) ______________________________ a new car.
8. When he arrived, Eve wasn't there. She (leave) ________________ about five minutes before.
9. When we (arrive) _________________________________ back in Spain, they (lose)
________________________________________________ our luggage.
10. When I (get back) __________________________________, nobody (do) ______________the washing up. I was furious.
11. After he (start) ________________________ the lesson I (leave) ___________________.
12. I (be) __________________________ very happy after I (finish) ___________________
my lesson.
13. As soon as he (mend, reparieren) _________________ the old watch it (break)
_____________________________________ again.
14. Everybody (leave) ________________________________ the house by the time I (come)
______________________________________ home.
15. I (buy) ______________________________ a new car because some thieves (steal)
__________________________ my old one.
16. It (not, be) ___________________________ his first trip to the mountains, he (be)
________________________ there many times before.
17. My teacher (ask) _____________________________ me why I (not, do)
_________________________________ my homework.
18. She (not, know) ____________________________ him for a long time when she (marry)
_________________________________ him.
19. These shoes (be) _____________________________ very clean because our housemaid (clean)
__________________________ them.
20. Yesterday afternoon I (go) _________________________________ downtown and I (meet)
__________________________________ Peter.
Past Perfect Progressive
1. Formation
We form the past perfect progressive with had been + -ing.
I had been writing.
I had not been working.
Had she been writing?
2. Use
We use the past perfect progressive to express the idea that an action or event
had begun before a point of time in the past and continued up to (or almost up
to) that time.
Patrick had been travelling for three months when he ran out of money.
Patrick had been he ran out (now)
travelling of money
Exercise: Past Perfect Simple or Progressive
Complete the conversation with the correct verb form, past perfect simple or past perfect progressive.
Layla: Hi, Pete. How was the rock concert last night?
Pete: Well, when I was getting on the bus to go there, I realised that I _____________________ (forget) my money. So I had to get off again. I didn’t want to miss
the concert because I __________________________________ (look forward) to it for a few
weeks. So I ran, but when I got home, I realised that I __________________(not take) my keys with me either, so I couldn’t get in. I rang the
doorbell for ages, but everybody __________________________________________ (go) out.
So there I was – no money, no tickets, no keys. I thought about asking Will, but it’s
a long way to his house, and when I got there, I was really out of breath.
Layla: Let me guess, Will ____________________________________ (just spend) all his money. No,
I know. He ____________________________________________ (lend) it all to someone else.
Pete: Wrong. He hasn’t even been there. He ____________________________________ (not come)
home yet. His mother could see that I _____________________________________ (run), so
she asked me in and gave me a drink. She put the TV on for me a while I was
waiting. I _____________________________ (watch) stupid cartoons for twenty minutes
when I heard somebody come in. But it wasn’t Will. When he finally arrived, I________________________ (wait) for over half an hour. He said he___________________________ (take) bottles to the bottle bank for the neighbour
for some extra cash.
Well, after I ___________________________________________ (explain) the situation he gave me
some money and I rushed for the next bus. I __________________________________
(waste) so much time, and when I finally got there, my favourite band_________________________________________ (already play).
Tenses I
Read the whole story from beginning to end before starting to write in the answers. Then complete the text using the correct verb forms.
A Picnic Lunch
“________________________________________ (not, forget) ____________________ (bring) a
dozen eggs with you when you ___________________________ (come) home for lunch!” Jill_____________________________ (shout) after him. “I ______________________ (need)
them for the cakes _____________________________ (make) this afternoon.”
“I won’t” Steve ________________________________________ (cry back), and he
_______________________________________ (drive off) to work.
Jill was very happy with Steve. All right, he _____________________________ (not, earn) a
fortune ______________________ (drive) lorries but he _________________________________
(rather, do) that than ______________________________ (be) unemployed – and, of course he
was right.
On her way inside, she ___________________________ (sweep up) Jeremy the cat into
her arms and _________________________________ (hold) him close to her.
Half an hour later, the phone ____________________________________ (ring).
“Hello love. It’s Steve here. The boss _________________________________ (just, tell) me that
he _______________________________ (want) _____________________ (I, take) a lorry up to
Sheffield as soon as possible and return before it _______________________________ (get) dark.
Can you make me some sandwiches? You can! Good! In that case, I
___________________________ (pick up, them) on my way to the M1. See you in twenty
minutes. Bye!
Hurriedly, Jill _________________________ (look) _____________________________ (see)
what tins there were in the cupboard. “Corned beef?” she said to herself. “No! Ham? No.”
They _____________________________ (eat) ham the night before. “Salmon? Yes, and he___________________ (prefer) that to sardines.”
Fifteen minutes later, Steve arrived.
“Hello, beautiful! Mmm. Those sandwiches ___________________________ (smell) good!
I like _________________________________ (spoil)!” and, _______________________________ (kiss) her quickly, he ___________________________ (run back) to his lorry.
Jill then ________________________ (give) the remainder of the salmon to Jeremy,
and ___________________________ (postpone) _______________________________ (make) the
beds until she ______________________________ (do) the shopping.
An hour later, when she _____________________________ (return), there was Jeremy
____________________________________ (lie) on the garden path … unconscious …
“Good heavens! It must be that tin of salmon! And Steve! His sandwiches_________________________ (make) with the same salmon!”
With lightning reaction, she _____________________________________ (fly) to the phone
________________________________ (explain) the catastrophe to Steve’s boss, and he__________________________ (lose) no time at all calling the police. Jill then
___________________________ (ride) on her bicycle as fast as possible to the vet’s, where
Jeremy stomach _________________________________________ (pump out).
Meanwhile, a police car ____________________________ (race) up the motorway and trying
________________ (catch up with) Steve’s lorry. Finally, they
______________________________________ (find) him in a lay-by, where he _______________________(just eat) the last sandwich. Quickly _____________________ (explain) the situation to
him, the police ___________________________ (persuad) him to accompany them to hospital,
where he __________________________________________ (suffer) the same treatment as Jeremy.
That evening, shaken, but grateful that his life ____________________________________ (save),
Steve ___________________________________ (drive) home by the police.
The next morning the milkman ________________________________ (come) to the door.
“Good morning, Mrs Johnson,” he said. “I __________________________________ (come)_________________ (see) how your cat is.”
“Oh, he’s much better, thanks! But how ______________________________ (you, know) he
was ill?”
“Well, I’m the one who did it.”
“Did it? Did what?”
“Well, yesterday morning while I _______________________ (come) up the garden
path, I _______________________ (let) a bottle of milk ____________________________
(slip out) of my hand, and it ________________________________________ (fall) on the cat’s head. It_____________________________ (not seem) very well when I left it. I hope it’s all right.”
Tenses II
Read the whole story from beginning to end before starting to write in the answers. Then complete the text using the correct verb forms. Also supply during, for, since or while as necessary. (d/f/s/w)
Surprise Visit
It was four o’clock on a Friday afternoon in late November and it
____________________________ (already, get) dark when Mrs Simmons_____________________ (hear) a car pulling up at the bottom of the garden of her
isolated country cottage. _________________________ (raise) herself slowly from her armchair,
she _____________________________________ (go) over to the window and
__________________________________ (look) between the curtains. There, at the bottom of the
garden path, was her daughter, Julie, _______________________________ (wrap) in an enormous
fur coat, but ___________________________________ (look) cold nevertheless.
Mrs Simmons __________________________________ (turn) round and
__________________________ (move) slowly in the direction of the front door, her rheumatism
preventing her from ______________________________________ (move) any faster.___________________________ (d/f/w) she _______________________ (walk) to the door,
her daughter _______________________________________ (begin) knocking.
“It’s all right,” she ______________________ (cry), “I ____________________________
(come)! I _______________________________ (let) you in as I _____________________
(unlock) the door. You know it’s stiff and _________________________ (need)
___________________________ (repair).
“Don’t worry, Mum,” ____________________________ (laugh) Julie’s voice from outside.
“I won’t knock the door down,” and she __________________________ (hide) the present in
her coat pocket.
The key turned in the lock and, when the door ___________________ (open),
the passage light _____________________ (shine) on Julie’s face.
“Happy Birthday, Mum! How are you?”
“Oh, Julie! This is a nice surprise! But why ______________ (you, not,
tell) me you ______________________________ (come) when you ____________________
(phone) last night?”
“Well, I ___________________________________ (not, know) if I ____________________
(be) able to leave work in time, but _______________________________ (d/f/w) I________________________ (drive) to the office this morning, I________________________________ (remember) my boss _____________________ (owe) me
an afternoon’s holiday, so he ____________________________ (let)
_________________________ (I, leave) at one.
A quarter of an hour later, they ____________________________ (sit) round a cosy fire
and ___________________________ (have) tea, when Mrs Simmons suddenly
_______________________________ (get up) and _________________ (draw) the curtains.
“I _________________________ (not, like) the curtains open at night,” she said to
Julie. “In fact I _____________________________ (hate) it. I always feel that I_________________________ (watch passive), although I know that is impossible in such a
quiet place as this. Anyway, my dear, tell me what _______________ (you, do)
recently. You are always in such a hurry on the phone, and I ________________________(not, have) a letter from you _______________________________ (d/f/s) you
__________________________ (fly) back from the States.
“Well, first of all, Mum, I ______________________ (bring) you this,” said Julie,
and she _______________________________ (take) the small parcel out of her coat pocket. “I
hope you _________________ (like) them. I ______________________________ (buy)
them __________________________________ (d/f/w) our trip to the States.”
“But, Julie, you shouldn’t have!” exclaimed her mother, unwrapping a box of scented
soaps. “They are lovely. But _______________________ (I, know) you were going to buy
me these, I ____________________ (tell) _________________________ (you, spend)
the money on the children.”
“Oh, don’t worry about that,” said Julie. “I ________________________________ (go back)
there after Christmas and, if you like, I ______________________________ (bring) you some
more. Now, what __________________ (I, do) lately? Not much really. Everything________________________ (go) all right at work for me at the moment, but George_______________________ (have) a lot of extra work because his boss is ill. Little Mary_______________ (just, start) swimming lessons, and____________________________________ (go) to the swimming baths as often as possible.
“Bill’s French _______________________________________ (get) better,” continued Julie, “and, if all
goes well, well, he __________________________ (go) to Paris at Easter with a group from
his school.”
Two hours later, ____________________________ (d/f/w) Julie________________________________ (say) goodbye to her mother, she noticed that it______________________________ (start) to snow.
Tenses III
Read the whole story from beginning to end before starting to write in the answers. Then complete the text using the correct verb forms. Also supply during, for, since or while as necessary. (d/f/s/w)
Every cloud …
Dear James,
It ________________________ (be) ages __________________________ (d/f/s/w) I
___________________________ (last, send) you a letter, and I ___________________
(feel) quite guilty about it _____________________________________ (f/s) some time, because I______________________ (write) to you a long time ago, but didn’t. However, here I
am in desperate need – and had I not been, I ____________________________ (not, know)
how long you _________________________________ (wait) for a letter from me!
Anyway ____________________________ (you, read) through the following description of
how my problem ______________ (arise)? And then, when you
_______________________ (finish), I _________________________________ (ask)
_______________________ (you, consider) a proposition and______________________________ (send) me an answer as soon as possible.
As you ________________________ (probably, remember), I_____________ (always, interest passive) in hill walking – ever______________________________________ (f/s) leaving school, in fact. Two years ago, for instance,
along with a couple of friends you ________________________ (once, meet), Jim and
David Barker, I _______________________________________ (take) a plane to Crete and we___________________________ (enjoy) a wonderful fortnight ________________________
(follow) mule tracks in the mountains there.
Then, in May of last year, all three of us _________________________the Pyrenees, where we _____________________________________________ (explore) a whole series of lost villages________________________________________ (d/f/w) a couple of months.
Earlier this year we _________________________________________ (decide)_____________________________________ (go) (walk) in Haute-Provence in France.
Everything ____________________ (arrange passive) and we ____________________________ (leave) England by air on May 5th. Unfortunately, however_________________________ (d/w) the second week in March, Jim and David______________________ (practise) _______________ (run) across Dartmoor
in preparation for an important competition, when David
_______ (slide) in some mud and ________________ (tear)a ligament.
Jim ________________________________________ (run off) ________________ (find) help,
but in __________________ (do) so, he himself _______________________________________
(break) a leg. By the time the rescue team __________________________ (arrive), both of
them ______________________ (suffer) badly from exposure. In the end, they
_____________________ (take passive) to hospital by helicopter and_____________________________ (spend) the first three days on the danger list. That was
nearly three weeks ago, and they __________________________ (just, advise passive) by
their doctors _______________________________ (not, go) on holiday next month – which
(mean) there are two air-tickets nobody _____________________________ (really, want).
__________ (you and Ann, like) _____________________________________ (take)
their place? I _____________________ (realise) this is rather short notice, but you_________________________________ (seem) ____________________________ (be) the only people
among all of my friends who ________________________ (rather, go) on a walking holiday
than (sit) on a beach whilst _________________________________ (wait) for their bodies____________ (turn) scarlet.
Anyway, if you _____________________ (like) the idea,
_____________________________ (write) and ______________________ (let)_____________________ (I, know) as soon as possible.
All the best,
Edward
Dear Edward,
What a superb idea! When you letter _________________________________ (drop through) our
letter box yesterday morning, we ____________________________________ (already, think) of_______________________________ (go) on holiday in May, but we _______________
(not, decide) where ______________________________________________ (go)!
We ____________________________ (never, be / go) to Haute-Provence before and we_______________________________________ (already, look) forward to ________________________ (go)there.___________________________________________ (send) us the details as soon as possible.
Best wishes!
James and Ann
P.S. _____________________________________ (we, know) earlier about Jim and David, we_______________________________________ (send) them a get-well card.
Tenses IV
In the following passage, write the correct and complete form of the given verb in the space provided.
Use any other elements included in the brackets in your reply.
Aunt Dorothy
“What on earth ___________________________ (you, think) ____________________________
(you, do)?” _________________________________________________ (come) the ear___________________________(split) cry from the top of the stairs.
There was no doubt about it – I had once more been caught in a most
_______________________ (embarrass) situation by my Aunt Dorothy, the only one of
my seven aunts whom, traditionally, I ______________________________ (always, try)____________________________________ (avoid) ___________________________ (for/since) the day I learnt to crawl.
The reason for this was simple: whenever, as a small girl, I ________________________
(involve passive) in some doubtful activity, fate ________________________ (generally,
arrange) that she ________________________________ (be) the one who__________________________ (discover) me at the worst possible moment.
I _________________________ (still, think) that, __________________________ (I, be) a
boy, she __________________________________ (not, may react) in the same way but, even on her
best days, Aunt Dorothy, who ____________________________ (die) in tragic circumstances
on my twenty-first birthday, ________________________________ (look) like some mythical
fire___________________________________ (breath) dragon that was on the point of
____________________ (launch) a merciless attack on the entire male species, and
she ____________________________ (never, can, accept) that a niece of hers should have
tomboy tendencies.
“Nice girls,” she ___________________________ (repeat) to me at least a dozen times day,
__________________________ (behave) like young ladies, and not like horribly muddy little
schoolboys who _____________________________________ (look) as if they_____________________ (just, come off) the rugby field.”__________________________ (during/while) I ____________________________________ (stand) there
at the bottom of the stairs, ____________________________________ (wish) I______________ (be) on another planet, I ___________________________________________ (realise)
that luck was definitely not on my side.
Conspiring against me were my _____________________________ (drip) raincoat – it______________________________ (rain) hard for over an hour – mud _______________________________ (cover) my boots – I _________________ (take) the short way back across three __________________ (plough) fields – and my bucket,
which ________________________________ (overflow) with dirty water – if I________________ (tell) her it was full of tadpoles, she_____________________________ (probably, go) hysterical.
In addition to which, there was my four-legged and ever-faithful companion, Rags, who
totally oblivious of the imminent storm that ______________________________ (about, burst)
inside the house, ___________________________________ (keep) ________________________________
(shake) the excess muddy water off herself in close proximity to some recently _______________
(apply) wallpaper. I _________________________________________
(already, know) in advance that I _________________________________ (must/have to, clean up)
the mess myself as soon as I _________________________________ (get) changed but, in the meantime,
I could sense that my dear Aunt Dorothy __________________________________________ (prepare) herself _____________________________________ (launch) into her inevitable sarcastic attack.
I ______________________________ (not, need, wait) long.
“My dear child,” she _________________________________________ (bellow) at me like a bull that_________________________ (just, make up) its mind _____________________________
(charge), “I ______________________________________ (never, see) anything so disgusting in all my life.___________________________ (you, like) ______________________ (explain) exactly
why you bear a _____________________________ (strike) resemblance to an underwater explorer
who __________________________ (lose) his diving suit?”
SO/SUCH/TOO/ENOUGH
EXERCISES WITH TOO AND ENOUGH
Fill in the blanks with TOO or ENOUGH .-
1. I don’t have …….. money to go to the concert.
2. Have you got …… sugar in your coffee ?
3. I didn’t like the film; it was ……. slow.
4. I didn’t like the film ; it wasn’t quick …….. .
5. There isn’t ……. flour to make the cake.
6. We don’t have ……. time to finish the exercise.
7. I think there are ….. resources in the world to finish with poverty and
starvation.
8. Do you think I’ve got …… qualifications to apply for the job ?
9. I can’t drink my tea; it is …… hot.
10. Can you lift that suitcase ? Is it not ……. heavy ?
11. l couldn’t eat the fruit. It wasn’t ripe …….. .
12. I can’t explain the situation; it ‘s ……. complex.
13. Do you think I am fit ……. to climb the Everest ?
14. There were not …… people to start the lecture.
15. I think you will have ……. with these sentences.
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